This paper treats the negative form of metaphor “XP you bu shi YP” (e.g., Wo you bu shi ni duzi li de huichong. ‘I am not the roundworm in your stomach.’) as a Negative Metaphor Construction. In this construction, the constant component you bu shi provides the construction with its fundamental grammatical relations and semantic interpretations: you as an adverb intensifies negation, bu is the negation marker, and shi is the copula. The variable components XP and YP influence the subtype categorization of the construction and its functional differentiation across communicative contexts: XP exhibits strong topicality, whereas YP is characterized by descriptivity. The constructional meaning of the Negative Metaphor Construction “XP you bu shi YP” is as follows: by negating the metaphorical proposition “XP is YP (XP is like YP)”, the speaker/writer expresses a negative evaluative stance toward a real-world situation or a verbal viewpoint. In the generation of this construction, it undergoes a path from establishing a metaphorical relation, to negating the metaphorical proposition, and then to reinforcing the force of negation, during which multiple interaction mechanisms, metaphorical mechanisms, and pragmatic inference mechanisms play crucial roles.
Key words
“XP you bu shi YP” /
negative metaphor /
constructional features /
generative mechanisms /
metaphorical mechanism
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