An ERP Study on Lahu Nouns and Verbs

Chang Chai

doi:10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0032

PDF(802 KB)

Current Research in Chinese Linguistics ›› 2025, Vol. 104 ›› Issue (2) : 869-882. DOI: 10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0032

Chinese Language Studies

An ERP Study on Lahu Nouns and Verbs

Chang Chai

Author information +

History +

Abstract

This study focuses on native speakers of the Lahu language and investigates the language processing mechanisms of Lahu nouns and verbs using ERP experiments with vocabulary judgment tasks. The results reveal that there are semantic differences between the categories of nouns and verbs in Lahu language, especially in the early and late processing stages. In the early stage, a direct mapping from phonological form to conceptual representation is observed, with Lahu nouns eliciting a more positive P2. The middle stage involves deep semantic analysis, where Lahu verbs elicit a more negative N400 than nouns. In the late stage, the reconfirmation of semantic information occurs, and Lahu nouns elicit a more positive LPC compared to verbs.

Key words

Lahu language / nouns / verbs / event-related potential

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Chang Chai. An ERP Study on Lahu Nouns and Verbs[J]. Current Research in Chinese Linguistics. 2025, 104(2): 869-882 https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0032

References

黃伯榮、廖序東.1991.現代漢語.北京:高等教育出版社.Borong Huang & Xudong Liao. 1991. Xiandai Hanyu. Beijing: Gaodeng Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
李永燧. 2002.論藏緬語黏著語素與語言類型學.民族語文 2.10-24.Yongsui Li. 2002. Lun Zangmianyu nianzhuo yusu yu yuyan leixingxue.Minzu Yuwen 2. 10-24.
梁丹丹. 2004.中國神經語言學的回顧與前瞻.當代語言學 2.139-153, 190.Dandan Liang. 2004. Zhongguo shenjing yuyanxue de huigu yu qianzhan.Dangdai Yuyanxue 2.139-153, 190.
劉丹青. 2010.漢語是一種動詞型語言——試說動詞型語言和名詞型語言的類型差異.世界漢語教學 1.3-17.Danqing Liu. 2010. Hanyu shi yizhong dongcixing yuyan: Shishuo dongcixing yuyan he mingcixing yuyan de leixing chayi.Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue 1. 3-17.
劉勁榮(主編).2005.漢拉簡明詞典.昆明:雲南民族出版社.Jingrong Liu et al. (eds.). 2005. Hanla Jianming Cidian. Kunming: Yunnan minzu chubanshe.
劉勁榮. 2007.拉祜語與載瓦語的語音結構及詞的構成.雲南師範大學學報(哲學社會科學版)2.123-128.Jingrong Liu. 2007. Lahuyu yu Zaiwayu de yuyin jiegou ji ci de goucheng. Yunnan Shifan Daxue Xuebao, zhexue shehui kexue ban 2. 123-128.
劉濤、馬鵬舉、于亮、劉俊飛、楊亦鳴. 2011.漢語名 - 動兼類效應的神經機制研究.心理科學 3.546-551.Tao Liu, Pengju Ma, Liang Yu, Junfei Liu, Yiming Yang. 2011. Hanyu ming-dong jianlei xiaoying de shenjing jizhi yanjiu.Xinli Kexue 3. 546-551.
劉濤、楊亦鳴、張輝、張珊珊、梁丹丹、顧介鑫、胡偉. 2008.語法語境下漢語名動分離的 ERP 研究.心理學報 6.671-680.Tao Liu, Yiming Yang, Hui Zhang, Shanshan Zhang, Dandan Liang, Jiexin Gu, Wei Hu. 2008. Yufa yujing xia Hanyu mingdong fenli de ERP yanjiu.Xinli Xuebao 6. 671-680.
陸儉明. 2022a.再論漢語詞類問題——從沈家煊先生的“名動包含”觀說起.東北師大學報(哲學社會科學版)4.1-15.Jianming Lu. 2022a. Zailun Hanyu cilei wenti: Cong Shen Jiaxuan xiansheng de “mingdong baohan” guan shuoqi. Dongbei Shida Xuebao, zhexue shehui kexue ban 4. 1-15. 陸儉明.2022b.再議“漢語名動包含說”.外國語(上海外國語大學學報)5.2-14.Jianming Lu. 2022b. Zaiyi “Hanyu mingdong baohan shuo”. Waiguoyu, Shanghai Waiguoyu Daxue xuebao5. 2-14.
呂叔湘. 1982.中國文法要略.北京:商務印書館.Shuxiang Lü. 1982. Zhongguo Wenfa Yaolüe. Beijing: Shangwu yinshuguan.
沈家煊. 2007.漢語裡的名詞和動詞.漢藏語學報 1.27-47.Jiaxuan Shen. 2007. Hanyu li de mingci he dongci.Hanzangyu Xuebao 1. 27-47.
沈家煊. 2012.“名動詞”的反思:問題和對策.世界漢語教學 1.3-17.Jiaxuan Shen. 2012. “Mingdongci” de fansi: Wenti he duice.Shijie Hanyu Jiaoxue 1. 3-17.
沈家煊. 2016.名詞和動詞.北京:商務印書館.Jiaxuan Shen. 2016. Mingci he Dongci. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
孫崇飛. 2017.漢語單音節名詞和動詞的 ERP 研究.南京:南京師範大學博士學位論文.Chongfei Sun. 2017. Hanyu danyinjie mingci he dongci de ERP yanjiu. Nanjing: Nanjing Shifan Daxue boshi xuewei lunwen.
王力. 1985.中國現代語法.北京:商務印書館.Li Wang. 1985. Zhongguo Xiandai Yufa. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
夏全勝. 2012.漢語名詞、動詞和動名兼類詞語語義加工的 ERP 研究.天津:南開大學博士學位論文.Quansheng Xia. 2012. Hanyu mingci, dongci he dongming jianlei ciyu yuyi jiagong de ERP yanjiu. Tianjin: Nankai Daxue boshi xuewei lunwen.
夏全勝、呂勇、白學軍、石鋒. 2013.漢語名詞、動詞和動名兼類詞語義加工的 ERP 研究.中國語言學報 1.197-218.Quansheng Xia, Yong Lü, Xuejun Bai, Feng Shi. 2013. Hanyu mingci, dongci he dongming jianleici yuyi jiagong de ERP yanjiu.Zhongguo Yuyan Xuebao 1. 197-218.
楊亦鳴、梁丹丹、顧介鑫、翁旭初、封世文. 2002.名動分類:語法的還是語義的——漢語名動分類的神經語言學研究.語言科學 1.31-46.Yiming Yang, Dandan Liang, Jiexin Gu, Xuchu Weng, Shiwen Feng. 2002. Mingdong fenlei: Yufa de haishi yuyi de: Hanyu mingdong fenlei de shenjing yuyanxue yanjiu.Yuyan Kexue 1. 31-46.
楊雲. 2023.哈尼語阿卡話語素拷貝的形式與性質.民族語文 1.55-67.Yun Yang. 2023. Haniyu Akahua yusu kaobei de xingshi yu xingzhi.Minzu Yuwen 1. 55-67.
張伯江. 1994.詞類活用的功能解釋.中國語文 5.339-346.Bojiang Zhang. 1994. Cilei huoyong de gongneng jieshi.Zhongguo Yuwen 5. 339-346.
張伯江. 2012.雙音化的名詞性效應.中國語文 4.338-346, 384.Bojiang Zhang. 2012. Shuangyinhua de mingcixing xiaoying.Zhongguo Yuwen 4. 338-346, 384.
張欽、丁錦紅、郭春彥、王爭豔. 2003.名詞與動詞加工的 ERP 差異.心理學報 6.753-760.Qin Zhang, Jinhong Ding, Chunyan Guo, Zhengyan Wang. 2003. Mingci yu dongci jiagong de ERP chayi.Xinli Xuebao 6. 753-760.
張珊珊、趙侖、劉濤、顧介鑫、楊亦鳴. 2006.大腦中的基本語言單位——來自漢語單音節語言單位加工的 ERPs 證據.語言科學 3.3-13.Shanshan Zhang, Lun Zhao, Tao Liu, Jiexin Gu, Yiming Yang. 2006. Danao zhong de jiben yuyan danwei: Laizi Hanyu danyinjie yuyan danwei jiagong de ERPs zhengju.Yuyan Kexue 3. 3-13.
趙侖. 2010.ERPs 實驗教程.南京:東南大學出版社.Lun Zhao. 2010. ERPs Shiyan Jiaocheng. Nanjing: Dongnan Daxue Chubanshe.
周荐. 1999.雙字組合與詞典收條.中國語文 4.304-309.Jian Zhou. 1999. Shuangzi zuhe yu cidian shoutiao.Zhongguo Yuwen 4. 304-309.
朱德熙. 1982.語法講義.北京:商務印書館.Dexi Zhu. 1982. Yufa Jiangyi. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
Abdullaev, Yalchin G. & Michael I. Posner.1998. Event-related brain potential imaging of semantic encoding during processing single words.NeuroImage 7(1). 1-13.
Barber, Horacio A., Stavroula-Thaleia Kousta, Leun J. Otten & Gabriella Vigliocco.2010. Event- related potentials to event-related words: Grammatical class and semantic attributes in the representation of knowledge.Brain Research 1332. 65-74.
Federmeier, Kara D., Jessica B. Segal, Tania Lombrozo & Marta Kutas.2000. Brain responses to nouns, verbs and class-ambiguous words in context.Brain 123(12). 2552-2566.
Feng, Jun, Tao Gong, Lan Shuai & Yicheng Wu.2019. No morphological markers, no problem: ERP study reveals semantic contribution to distinct neural substrates between noun and verb processing in online sentence comprehension.Frontiers in Neuroscience 13. 1-15.
Gome, Hilary, Walter Ritter, Vivien C.Tartter, Herbert G.Vaughan Jr. & Jeffrey J. Rosen.1997. Lexical processing of visually and auditorily presented nouns and verbs: Evidence from reaction time and N400 priming data.Cognitive Brain Research 6. 121-134.
Holmes, Jane M., John C. Marshall & Freda Newcombe.1971. Syntactic class as a determinant of word-retrieval in normal and dyslexic subjects.Nature 234. 418.
Kellenbach, Marion L, Albertus A.Wijers, Marjolijn Hovius, Juul Mulder & Gijsbertus Mulder.2002. Neural differentiation of lexico-syntactic categories or semantic features? Event-related potential evidence for both.Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14(4). 561-577.
Khader, Patrick, André Scherag, Judith Streb & Frank Rösler.2003. Differences between noun and verb processing in a minimal phrase context: A semantic priming study using event-related brain potentials.Cognitive Brain Research 17(2). 293-313.
Kramer, Arthur F. & Emanuel Donchin.1987. Brain potentials as indices of orthographic and phonological interaction during word matching.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 13(1). 76-86.
Kutas, Marta, Cyma K. Van Petten & Robert Kluender. 2006. Psycholinguistics electrified Ⅱ (1994- 2005). In Matthew J. Traxler & Morton A. Gernsbacher (eds.), Handbook of psycholinguistics, 2nd edn., 659-724. Amsterdam: Academic Press.
Lee, Chia-Lin & Kara D. Federmeier.2006. To mind the mind: An event-related potential study of word class and semantic ambiguity.Brain Research 1081(1). 191-202.
Potts, Geoffrey F., Mario Liotti, Don M. Tucker & Michael I. Posner.1996. Frontal and inferior temporal cortical activity in visual target detection: Evidence from high spatially sampled event- related potentials.Brain Topography 9(1). 3-14.
Preissl, Hubert, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Werner Lutzenberger & Niels Birbaumer.1995. Evoked potentials distinguish between nouns and verbs.Neuroscience Letters 197(1). 81-83.
Pulvermüller, Friedemann, Werner Lutzenberger & Hubert Preissl.1999. Nouns and verbs in the intact brain: Evidence from event-related potentials and high-frequency cortical responses.Cerebral Cortex 9(5). 497-506.
Pulvermüller, Friedemann, Bettina Mohr & Hans Schleichert.1999. Semantic or lexico-syntactic factors: What determines word-class specific activity in the human brain? Neuroscience Letters 275(2). 81-84.
Rösler, Frank, Judith Streb & Hubertus Haan.2001. Event-related brain potentials evoked by verbs and nouns in a primed lexical decision task.Psychophysiology 38(4). 694-703.
Tsai, Pei-Shu, Brenda H.-Y. Yu, Chia-Ying Lee, Ovid J.-L. Tzeng, Daisy L. Hung & Denise H. Wu.2009. An event-related potential study of the concreteness effect between Chinese nouns and verbs.Brain Research 1253(1). 149-160.
Xia, Quansheng, Gang Peng.2022. The roles of object and action, and concreteness and imageability, in the distinction between nouns and verbs: An ERP study on monosyllabic words in Chinese.Journal of Neurolinguistics 61. 101026.