This paper investigates the tag questions in Xinyang Mandarin, with a particular focus on their intonation patterns and interactional hierarchy. The meaning types of tag questions can be classified into judgmental and attitudinal. According to whether subjectivity is involved, tags are further divided into neutral questions and subjective questions. Their intonation patterns are attached to sentence-final interjections or particles, fusing with the existing phonological system and tonal inventory; while the default contour is low, subjective questions adopt a high tone to strengthen interactivity. The tags function as independent sentence units and show a tendency toward grammaticalization into particles. Interjectional tags are undergoing a process of cliticization to develop into sentence-final particles. Based on the Interactional Spine Hypothesis, the interactive structure of tag questions can be divided into distinct layers: the anchor clause belongs to the Propositional layer, while the tag clause lies at the transition from the Ground layer to the Response layer. The sentence-final intonation pattern is located within the Response layer.
Key words
Xinyang Mandarin /
tag question /
intonational pattern /
cliticization /
Interactional Spine Hypothesis
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