摘要
本文描寫了金華話“箇”在陳述句、疑問句中的具體語氣功能。陳述句中“箇”只能出現在謂詞性謂語句中,不能出現在名詞性謂語句中,通常表示確認斷言。疑問句中“箇”通常根據語用條件可選性出現,用於表達強化詢問語氣,提示聽者對方的高回應預期。最後,本文總結了七個吳語方言中句末“的”類成分的功能,發現句末“的”類成分功能都比較發達,而金華話尤其顯赫,具體表現為“箇”在確認斷言性陳述句中通常強制性出現,且功能一度擴展到了是非問句、選擇問句和附加問形式中,用於強化詢問語力,增加互動預期。
Abstract
This paper describes the sentence-final particle keh in declarative and interrogative sentences in Jinhua Wu dialect. In declaratives, keh exclusively occurs in verbal predicate clauses but is barred from nominal predicate clauses, typically conveying confirmatory assertion. In interrogatives, keh optionally appears under pragmatic conditions to reinforce interrogative force, signalling high response expectations of the speaker. The study further compares functions of sentence-final de- type particles across seven Wu dialects, revealing their robust functional development in all cases, with Jinhua dialect being particularly prominent. Specifically, keh exhibits syntactic obligatoriness in assertions of confirmation, and its functionality has historically expanded to yes-no questions, alternative questions, and tag questions, serving to strenthen interrogative force and heighten interactive expectations.
关键词
金華話 /
句末語氣詞 /
“的”類成分 /
語法分佈 /
語義語用功能
Key words
Jinhua dialect /
sentence-final particles /
de-type particles /
grammatical distribution /
semantic and pragmatic functions
王夢園.
吳語金華話中的句末語氣詞“箇”[J]. 中国语文通讯. 2025, 104(2): 333-348 https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0004
Mengyuan Wang.
The Sentence-final Particle keh in Jinhua Wu Dialect[J]. Current Research in Chinese Linguistics. 2025, 104(2): 333-348 https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0004
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