作為一種古代漢語中較為常見的語言現象,介詞懸空在現代漢語普通話中幾近消亡,卻在現代漢語方言中有所保留。在歷時發展過程中,介詞結構由 pP 語段逐漸降格為 PP 投射,從而導致了介詞賓語在懸空方面的古今嬗變。文章在生成語法的理論框架下對古代漢語中介詞賓語的懸空機制和現代漢語普通話中介詞懸空的限制機制進行了分析,並為現代漢語方言中的介詞懸空現象提供了解釋。文章認為,語段降格和嚴格管轄是造成介詞懸空古今差異的內在原因,而歷時演變的不平衡性為現代漢語方言中的介詞懸空提供了條件。
Abstract
As a common linguistic phenomenon in ancient Chinese, preposition stranding nearly dies out in Mandarin Chinese and only makes appearance in modern Chinese dialects. In the process of diachronic evolution, prepositional phrases degrade from pP phases into PP projections, which gives rise to different behaviours concerning preposition stranding between ancient times and modern times. This paper makes an analysis of the mechanism of preposition stranding in ancient Chinese and the restrictions concerning the same phenomenon in Mandarin Chinese under the theoretical framework of generative grammar and offers an explanation for preposition stranding in modern Chinese dialect. This paper holds that phase degradation and proper government serve as the intrinsic causes for the difference in preposition stranding in ancient and modern times, and the imbalance of diachronic development offers conditions for preposition stranding in modern Chinese dialects.
关键词
介詞懸空 /
pP 語段 /
語段降格 /
嚴格管轄 /
歷時演變
Key words
preposition stranding /
pP phase /
phase eegradation /
proper government /
diachronic evolution
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