本文探討了武漢方言中句末助詞“的”的語法和語用特點。研究發現,武漢方言中的“的”有兩種區別於普通話的用法：其一,武漢方言中表示確認語氣的“的”的使用範圍比普通話更廣,既可以用於確認某個命題的真實性,也可用於確認某個過去事件的真實性;其二,武漢方言中的“的”可以充當時體標記,表示最近將來時或一般將來時。同時,文章還將武漢方言中句末助詞“的”與“了2”進行了比較,指出雖然“的”和“了2”在一些場景下允許交替使用,但兩者仍然存在語法和語用上的區別。最後,文章運用制圖理論描述了武漢方言中不同類型的“的”之間的句法層級關係。
Abstract
This paper investigates the grammatical and semantic-pragmatic features of the sentence-final particle de in the Wuhan dialect. The study reveals two distinctive usages of de in the Wuhan dialect that differ from Standard Mandarin: First, the confirmative de in the Wuhan dialect exhibits a broader functional scope, serving both to affirm the truthfulness of a proposition and to verify the occurrence of past events. Second, de can function as a tense marker, indicating either the immediate future or general future tense. The article also compares de with another sentence- final particle le in the Wuhan dialect, noting that although these particles permit interchangeable usage in certain contexts, they maintain distinct grammatical and pragmatic boundaries. Finally, employing the cartographic approach, the paper delineates the syntactic hierarchical relationships among different types of de in the Wuhan dialect.
关键词
武漢方言 /
句末助詞“的” /
時體標記 /
制圖理論
Key words
Wuhan dialect /
sentence-final particle de /
tense marker /
syntactic cartography
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