摘要
孟津方言同時存在平舌兒化與捲舌兒化。本文主要討論孟津捲舌兒化韻的形成次序,捲舌兒化中閃音產生的原因,兒化韻母的層次性及捲舌型兒化韻對平舌型兒化韻的替代問題。研究認為閃音的出現正是捲舌動作擴展到舌尖聲母和介音 i- y- 上的表現。閃音出現在舌尖聲母後,說明捲舌動作向左已擴展到聲母位置;閃音出現在介音 i- y- 後,說明捲舌動作只是擴展到介音的位置。閃音成分的產生是介音、舌尖前聲母應對捲舌動作的結果,且閃音成分與附著音素共同構成一個動態音素。平舌兒化是孟津方言固有的底層兒化,捲舌兒化係其與周邊方言接觸演變產生,係外來層面。捲舌兒化對平舌兒化的替代本身就是疊置式音變的過程。
Abstract
The Mengjin dialect exhibits both non-retroflex and retroflex types of er-diminutives. This paper focuses on the developmental sequence of retroflex er-diminutives, the emergence of the flap in retroflex er-diminutives, the stratification of rhotacized finals, and the replacement of non- retroflex er-diminutive finals with retroflex ones. We argue that the appearance of the flap results from the spreading of the retroflex feature either to apical initials or to the medial [i-/y-]. When the flap follows an apical initial, it indicates that the retroflex feature has extended leftward to the initial. When it appears after the medial [i-/y-], it suggests the retroflexion is limited to the medial. The flap thus reflects the articulatory response of apical initials or medials to retroflexion, forming a dynamic composite segment with the associated phoneme. The non-retroflex er-diminutives represent the indigenous, underlying rhotacized layer in the Mengjin dialect, while retroflex er- diminutives have emerged through contact with neighbouring dialects and belong to the loan layer. The replacement of non-retroflex er-diminutives with retroflex ones reflects a process of layered phonological change.
关键词
孟津 /
平舌兒化 /
捲舌兒化 /
閃音 /
層次
Key words
Mengjin /
non-retroflex er-diminutives /
retroflex er-diminutives /
flap /
layer
史艷鋒.
孟津方言的兒化——兼論捲舌型兒化韻對平舌型兒化韻的替代[J]. 中国语文通讯. 2025, 104(2): 823-844 https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0030
Yanfeng Shi.
Er-diminutives in the Mengjin Dialect: On the Replacement of Non-retroflex Er-diminutive Finals with Retroflex Ones[J]. Current Research in Chinese Linguistics. 2025, 104(2): 823-844 https://doi.org/10.29499/CrCL.202507_104(2).0030
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
董紹克. 1985.陽谷方言的兒化.中國語文 4.273-276.Shaoke Dong. 1985. Yanggu fangyan de erhua.Zhongguo Yuwen 4. 273-276.
董紹克. 1993.高密方言的兒化.山東師大學報(社會科學版)1.73-75.Shaoke Dong. 1993. Gaomi fangyan de erhua. Shandong Shida Xuebao, shehui kexue ban 1. 73-75.
賀巍. 1985.河南省西南部方言的語音異同.方言 2.122.Wei He. 1985. Henan Sheng xi’nanbu fangyan de yuyin yitong.Fangyan 2. 122.
賀巍. 1989.獲嘉方言研究.北京:商務印書館.Wei He. 1989. Huojia Fangyan Yanjiu. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
賀巍. 1993.洛陽方言研究.北京:社會科學文獻出版社.Wei He. 1993. Luoyang Fangyan Yanjiu. Beijing: Shehui Kexue Wenxian Chubanshe.
李宇明. 1996.泌陽方言的兒化及兒化閃音.方言 4.303-305.Yuming Li. 1996. Miyang fangyan de erhua ji erhua shanyin.Fangyan 4. 303-305.
羅常培、王均. 2002.普通語音學綱要(修訂本).北京:商務印書館.Changpei Luo & Jun Wang. 2002. Putong Yuyinxue Gangyao, xiuding ben. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
史艷鋒. 2013.安陽方言的兒尾——兼論漢語方言化合式兒尾韻的形成次序.語言科學 12(4).437-448.Yanfeng Shi. 2013. Anyang fangyan de erwei: Jianlun Hanyu fangyan huaheshi erweiyun de xingcheng cixu.Yuyan Kexue 12(4). 437-448.
史艷鋒. 2022.河南鳳泉方言的子變音.語言研究集刊 30.48-63.Yanfeng Shi. 2022. Henan Fengquan fangyan de zibianyin.Yuyan Yanjiu Jikan 30. 48-63.
王福堂. 1999.漢語方言語音的演變和層次.北京:語文出版社.Futang Wang. 1999. Hanyu Fangyan Yuyin de Yanbian he Cengci. Beijing: Yuwen Chubanshe.
王洪君. 1999.漢語非線性音系學:漢語的音系格局與單字音.北京:北京大學出版社.Hongjun Wang. 1999. Hanyu Feixianxing Yinxixue: Hanyu de Yinxi Geju yu Danziyin. Beijing: Beijing Daxue Chubanshe.
王志潔. 1997.兒化韻的特徵架構.中國語文 1.2-10.Zhijie Wang. 1997. Erhuayun de tezheng jiagou.Zhongguo Yuwen 1. 2-10.
謝書民. 2004.商丘方言的兒化音變.商丘師範學院學報 20(3).159-160.Shumin Xie. 2004. Shangqiu fangyan de erhua yinbian.Shangqiu Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao 20(3). 159-160.
徐通鏘. 1981.山西平定方言的兒化和晉中的所謂“嵌l詞 ”.中國語文 6.408-415.Tongqiang Xu. 1981. Shanxi Pingding fangyan de erhua he Jinzhong de suowei “qian l ci”.Zhongguo Yuwen 6. 408-415.
徐通鏘. 1991.歷史語言學.北京:商務印書館.Tongqiang Xu. 1991. Lishi Yuyanxue. Beijing: Shangwu Yinshuguan.
張慧麗. 2010.兒化中間音、特徵擴展與 F3 的兩種走勢——偃師兒化與北京兒化之比較.語言科學 9(4).372-385.Huili Zhang. 2010. Erhua zhongjianyin, tezheng kuozhan yu F3 de liangzhong zoushi: Yanshi erhua yu Beijing erhua zhi bijiao.Yuyan Kexue 9(4). 372-385.
張賢敏. 2012.河南光山方言兒化現象語音考察——兼論漢語兒化音.現代語文 2.17-18.Xianmin Zhang. 2012. Henan Guangshan fangyan erhua xianxiang yuyin kaocha: Jianlun Hanyu erhuayin.Xiandai Yuwen 2. 17-18.
趙日新. 2020.豫北方言兒化韻的層次.中國語文 5.544-557.Rixin Zhao. 2020. Yubei fangyan erhuayun de cengci.Zhongguo Yuwen 5. 544-557.
趙日新、沈明、扈長舉.1991.即墨方言志.北京:語文出版社.Rixin Zhao, Ming Shen & Changju Hu. 1991. Jimo Fangyanzhi. Beijing: Yuwen Chubanshe.
Keating, Patricia.1988. Palatals as complex segments: X-ray evidence.UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics 69. 77-91.
PDF(1002 KB)
