摘要
“黑將來傍晚”是晉語中常用的時間名詞，主要分佈在山西、陝西和內蒙古部分地區。“黑將來傍晚”源於近代漢語中的“V +將+來”結構，由超常組合誘發，在句法結構緊鄰和描述時間語境中，受到隱喻、轉喻、類推等機制的作用發生詞彙化。“黑將來”詞彙化的具體路徑為：黑+將+來（述補短語）→黑+將來（述補短語）→黑將來（複合詞）。“黑將來傍晚”在晉語不同地區詞彙化的程度不同，其中一些地區音節上發生兒化，或詞形上增加子尾，這是詞彙化程度高的表現。
Abstract
Heijianglai is a frequently used temporal noun in the Jin dialect, mainly distributed in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and parts of Inner Mongolia. It derives from the “V + jiang + lai” construction in Late Mandarin. Its lexicalization was triggered by supernormal collocation, and further shaped by metaphor, metonymy, and analogy within specific syntactic structures and contexts. The specific lexicalization pathway of heijianglai can be summarized as: hei + jiang + lai (phrase) → hei + jianglai (phrase) → heijianglai (compound word). The degree of lexicalization of heijianglai varies across different sub-regions of the Jin dialect. The occurrence of retroflexion and the suffixation of “-zi” indicate a relatively high degree of lexicalization.
关键词
晉語 /
黑將來 /
詞彙化
Key words
Jin dialect /
heijianglai /
lexicalization
何馨, 趙小剛.
晉語時間詞“黑將來”詞源探析[J]. 中国语文通讯. 2026, 105(2): 659-678 https://doi.org/10.65961/crcl-2026-0032
Xin He, Xiaogang Zhao.
An Etymological Analysis of the Temporal Noun Heijianglai in the Jin Dialect[J]. Current Research in Chinese Linguistics. 2026, 105(2): 659-678 https://doi.org/10.65961/crcl-2026-0032
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