摘要
昆明人蘇紹韓所著《原來如此》以刪除“重複”字母、明確“混淆”字母讀音、補充“缺漏”字母、重新擬定國音符號系統的方式,對國音字母符號系統進行了改訂;以等韻圖的形式,以新的國音符號系統標注韻圖聲母、韻母的方式,對語音系統進行了重新分析。從韻圖所反映的語音特徵及其與現代昆明方言的比較來看,所反映的是20世紀20年代的昆明方言。《原來如此》改訂國音字母的依據是昆明方言,體現出民國初年國語運動促進了方言地區的學者探索以注音符號記錄現實語音的積極思考,並將符號注音方式與明清等韻圖聲母、韻母經緯相交的拼讀方式有機結合。《原來如此》反映了清末民初等韻理論、切音理論與切字理論、注音字母運動之間傳承發展的內在關係,同時也為研究百年前的昆明方言語音提供了珍貴的歷史文獻資料。
Abstract
Shaohan Su, a native of Kunming, revised the National Phonetic Alphabet system in his work Yuanlai Ruci by removing duplicate letters, clarifying the pronunciation of confusing letters, supplementing missing letters, and reconstructing the notation system. He reanalyzed the phonetic system using a rime table format with the newly formulated National Phonetic Alphabet to mark initials and finals. Comparison with the modern Kunming dialect shows that the book records the Kunming dialect of the 1920s. The revisions proposed in Yuanlai Ruci are grounded in the Kunming dialect, showcasing how scholars in regional dialect areas, inspired by the National Language Movement in the early Republic of China, actively explored using phonetic symbols to document living speech. The work ingeniously integrates phonetic notation with the traditional method of combining initials and finals in rime tables, a system with origins in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. This book illuminates the intergenerational connections among rime table theories, phonetic and orthographic reform ideas of the late Qing Dynasty, and the National Phonetic Alphabet Movement. It also serves as a precious historical document for studying Kunming dialect phonology one hundred years ago.
关键词
《原來如此》 /
注音字母 /
等韻圖 /
昆明方言
Key words
Yuanlai Ruci /
phonetic alphabet /
rime table /
Kunming dialect
鄧強, 李軍.
《原來如此》對“國音”的改訂及所記百年前的昆明方音[J]. 中国语文通讯. 2026, 105(2): 783-800 https://doi.org/10.65961/crcl-2026-0038
Qiang Deng, Jun Li.
The Revision of the National Phonetic Alphabet in Yuanlai Ruci and the Kunming Dialect of the 1920s[J]. Current Research in Chinese Linguistics. 2026, 105(2): 783-800 https://doi.org/10.65961/crcl-2026-0038
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